Super saveti komande fg: kada Ctrl+Z čuva vašu sesiju terminala

$ ./gradlew build
> Building...

@startuml
skinparam backgroundColor #FEFEFE

actor Développeur as dev
participant "Терминал" as term
participant "Gradle
( proces )" as gradle

dev -> term : ./gradlew build
term -> gradle : Lance le build
gradle -> term : Occupe le terminal\n(pas de prompt)
dev -> term : veut taper une commande
term --> dev : ❌ Terminal bloqué

note right of dev
  Le développeur est
  paralysé pendant
  toute la durée du build
end note
@enduml

@startuml
skinparam backgroundColor #FEFEFE
autonumber

actor Développeur as dev
participant "terminal" as term
participant "Gradle" as gradle
database "stanje\nproces" as state

dev -> term : ./gradlew build
term -> gradle : Lance le build
gradle -> state : En cours (FG)
dev -> term : Ctrl+Z
term -> state : Suspendu (job [1])
term --> dev : Prompt libre $

dev -> term : git status
term --> dev : working tree clean

dev -> term : fg
term -> state : Reprend (FG)
gradle --> dev : Build réussi ✓

note right of state
  Le processus Gradle
  n'a jamais été tué
  Il reprend exactement
  où il s'était arrêté
end note
@enduml

# Dans vim, en mode commande :
:shell
$ cat /path/to/other/file.txt
$ exit
# Retour dans vim

# Dans vim, n'importe quel moment :
Ctrl+Z
[1]+  Stoppé    vim README.md

$ cat /path/to/other/file.txt
# ... lire le fichier ...

$ fg
vim README.md
# Retour exact là où on en était, curseur en place

@startuml
skinparam backgroundColor #FEFEFE
autonumber

actor Développeur as dev
participant "vim" as vim
participant "lupija" as shell

dev -> vim : édition en cours
dev -> vim : Ctrl+Z
vim -> shell : Suspendu (job [1])
dev -> shell : cat autre_fichier.txt
shell --> dev : contenu du fichier
dev -> shell : fg
shell -> vim : Reprend (job [1])
vim --> dev : Curseur exactement\nà la même position

note right of vim
  vim restaure
  intégralement l'état :
  position du curseur,
  buffer, undo stack
end note
@enduml

@startuml
skinparam backgroundColor #FEFEFE
skinparam defaultFontName sans-serif
skinparam componentStyle rectangle

actor Développeur as dev
participant "opencode
(агент LLM)" as agent
participant "Shell" as shell
participant "git" as git

dev -> agent : Session active
agent -> agent : Tour de parole\ndu LLM en cours

note over agent
  Ctrl+Z arrive
  en plein milieu
  d'une analyse de code
end note

dev -> agent : Ctrl+Z
agent -> shell : Suspendu (job [1])
dev -> git : git diff
git --> dev : changements visibles
dev -> shell : fg
shell -> agent : Reprend (job [1])
agent --> dev : Reprend exactement\nl'analyse en cours

note right of agent
  Aucune perte de contexte
  Le LLM reprend sa réponse
  exactement où il en était
end note
@enduml

$ opencode
# ... session en cours, LLM analyse le code ...
^Z
[1]+  Stoppé    opencode

$ git diff HEAD~1
# vérifier les changements récents

$ fg
opencode
# Le LLM reprend là où il s'était arrêté

$ vim config.yml
^Z
[1]+  Stoppé    vim config.yml

$ ./gradlew test
^Z
[2]+  Stoppé    ./gradlew test

$ htop
^Z
[3]+  Stoppé    htop

$ jobs
[1]   Stoppé    vim config.yml
[2]-  Stoppé    ./gradlew test
[3]+  Stoppé    htop

$ fg %2
./gradlew test
# Le build reprend en avant-plan

$ bg %3
[3] htop &
# htop reprend en arrière-plan

@startuml
skinparam backgroundColor #FEFEFE

rectangle "Pozastavljeni poslovi" as jobs #LightYellow {
  card "[1] vim config.yml" as j1
  card "[2] ./gradlew test" as j2
  card "[3] htop" as j3
}

rectangle "Akcije" as actions #LightGreen {
  card "fg %2
→ предњи план" as a1
  card "bg %3\n→ pozadina" as a2
  card "fg %1\n→ prednji plan" as a3
}

jobs --> actions : fg/bg + numéro de job
actions --> j2 : Reprend
actions --> j3 : En arrière-plan

note bottom of jobs
  Chaque job conserve
  son état exact
  entre les suspend/resume
end note
@enduml

@startuml
skinparam backgroundColor #FEFEFE
skinparam defaultFontName sans-serif

rectangle "**Ctrl+Z**\nSIGTSTP" as ctrlz #LightYellow {
  card "Pauziraj proces\n(Još uvek je u memoriji)\nKoristivo sa fg/bg" as c1
}

rectangle "**Ctrl+C**\nSIGINT" as ctrlc #LightCoral {
  card "Ubij proces
(ne moguće vratiti)
Gubitak celog stanja" as c2
}

rectangle "** & **\n(pozadina)" as ampersand #LightGreen {
  card "Pokreni odmah
u pozadini
Slobodan terminal odmah" as c3
}

rectangle "**fg**
(предњи план)" as fg_ #SkyBlue {
  card "Премени заустављени задатак у провид\nЗаузети терминал" as c4
}

rectangle "**bg**
(pozadina)" as bg_ #Lavender {
  card "Nastavi posao
Suspendovan u pozadini
Slobodan terminal" as c5
}

ctrlz -right-> fg_ : fg pour reprendre
ctrlz -right-> bg_ : bg pour continuer\nen arrière-plan
ctrlc -right-> c2 : Pas de retour\nprocessus tué

note bottom of ctrlz
  Le processus est **figé**
  mais **pas tué**
end note

note bottom of ampersand
  Alternative : lancer
  ./gradlew build &
  directement en arrière-plan
end note
@enduml

@startuml
skinparam backgroundColor #FEFEFE
skinparam defaultFontName sans-serif

title Potpuni životni ciklus shell posla
state "Nepostojeci" as none
state "Prioritetno\n(zauzima terminal)" as foreground #LightCoral
state "Zaustavljeno
(Ctrl+Z / SIGTSTP)" as suspended #LightYellow
state "Pozadina\n(bg ili &)" as background #LightGreen
state "Завршено
(exit code 0)" as done #LightGray

[*] --> none
none --> foreground : tape une commande
foreground --> suspended : Ctrl+Z
foreground --> done : fin normale

suspended --> foreground : fg
suspended --> background : bg
suspended --> done : kill %n

background --> foreground : fg
background --> done : fin normale\n(en arrière-plan)
background --> suspended : Ctrl+Z\n(si fg puis Ctrl+Z)

done --> [*]

note right of suspended
  L'état suspendu est
  le pivot de tout le
  système de jobs
end note
@enduml

@startuml
skinparam backgroundColor #FEFEFE
skinparam defaultFontName sans-serif
skinparam ArrowColor #444444

title "fg — Savet koji menja sve"

rectangle "**Problem**" as problem #LightCoral {
  card "Terminal zaključan\nod jednog procesa" as p1
  card "Отварање новог
терминала = тешко решење" as p2
}

rectangle "**rešenje**" as solution #LightGreen {
  card "Ctrl+Z → pauziraj" as s1
  card "fg → преузима" as s2
  card "bg → у позадину" as s3
  card "poslovi → pogledajte suspendovane" as s4
}

rectangle "Предности" as advantages #SkyBlue {
  card "Нема губитка контекста" as a1
  card "Није могуће рестартирати" as a2
  card "Dovoljno je jedan terminal" as a3
}

problem -right-> solution : "Природно решение
Unix од 40 година"
solution -right-> advantages : "Резултат"

note bottom of advantages
  fg n'est pas un tips obscur
  C'est un mécanisme fondamental
  du shell Unix
end note
@enduml

@startuml
skinparam backgroundColor #FEFEFE
skinparam defaultFontName sans-serif

rectangle "Zašto je fg\npodocenjen ?" as why #LightCoral {
  card "IDE sa terminalom\nvišekartično" as w1
  card "Графички алати
Који замњују CLI" as w2
  card "tmux/screen
решају проблем на другом начин" as w3
}

rectangle "Zasto je fg
superior?" as superior #LightGreen {
  card "Универзално : bash,\nzsh, fish, sh..." as s1
  card "Bez zavisnosti:\nbez instalacije" as s2
  card "Два натиска:\n`Ctrl+Z` затим fg" as s3
  card "Kontekst sačuvan :
nula gubitka stanja" as s4
}

why -right-> superior : "Jednostavnost
uvijek pobeđuje"
@enduml

@startuml
skinparam backgroundColor #FEFEFE
skinparam defaultFontName sans-serif

participant "Корисник" as user
participant "lupina" as shell
participant "Proces" as proc

user -> shell : Ctrl+Z
shell -> proc : SIGTSTP (signal 18)
note right of proc : Processus figé\nen mémoire

user -> shell : fg
shell -> proc : SIGCONT (signal 19)
note right of proc : Processus reprend\nen avant-plan

user -> shell : bg
shell -> proc : SIGCONT (signal 19)
note right of proc : Processus reprend\nen arrière-plan

user -> shell : Ctrl+C
shell -> proc : SIGINT (signal 2)
note right of proc : Processus terminé\nétat perdu
@enduml